After reading this article you will learn about the decisions taken under certainty and uncertainty. Decision under Certainty: The decisions may be taken when the problems are under certainty i.e., where a complete knowledge about the nature of future conditions is known. Let us take a simple example. It is not uncommon for constructing firms to set up service facilities [...]
After reading this article you will learn about:- 1. Meaning of Personnel Management 2. Functions and Objectives of Personnel Management 3. Principles. Meaning of Personnel Management: Personnel Management (staffing function of Management), also known as Human Resource Management. Personnel management is concerned with the proper use of human factors. Personnel management may be defined as that part of the management [...]
After reading this article you will learn about:- 1. Meaning of Workers’ Participation 2. Characteristics of Workers' Participation 3. Objectives 4. Levels 5. Advantages. Meaning of Workers’ Participation: Workers’ participation in management is based on many considerations including political, economic, psychological and social. Political democracy and industrial democracy have to go hand in hand. For survival and growth, an organisation [...]