The following points highlight the top four theories of exchange rates. The theories are: 1. Purchasing Power Parity Theory (PPP) 2. Interest Rate Parity Theory (IRP) 3. International Fisher Effect (IFE) Theory 4. Unbiased Forward Rate Theory (UFR). 1. Purchasing Power Parity Theory (PPP): The PPP theory applies to commodities. There are two variants of the PPP: the absolute PPP [...]
There are three broad exchange rate systems—currency board, fixed exchange rate and floating rate exchange rate. A fourth can be added when a country does not have its own currency and merely adopts another country's currency. The fixed exchange rate has three variants and the floating exchange rate has two variants. 1. Fixed (or Pegged) Exchange Rate: This consists of [...]
List of popular money market instruments used in India: 1. Commercial Papers (CPs) 2. Certificate of Deposits (CDs) 3. Inter-Bank Participation Certificates (IBPCs) 4. Treasury Bills (T-Bills) 5. Commercial Bills 6. Call/Notice Money 7. Repurchase Agreements (REPOs). Instrument # 1. Commercial Papers (CPs): Commercial Paper is an unsecured promissory note issued with a fixed maturity, by a company, and approved [...]