In this article we will discuss about:- 1. Meaning of VBM 2. Methods of VBM 3. Benefits and Limitations. Meaning of VBM: VBM is the management approach that ensures corporations are run consistently on value, normally maximizing shareholders value. VBM aims to provide consistency of the firm's strategy, mission, governance, culture, communication, organization of the corporation, decision processes, reward processes [...]
SVA is an approach to Financial management developed in 1980s, which focuses on the creation of economic value for shareholders, as measured by share price performance and flow of funds. SVA is used as a way of linking management strategy and decisions to the creation of value for shareholders. The investment, business and financial decisions, both strategic and operational, are [...]
Municipal bonds are bonds raised by municipal bodies or local governments for financing core urban infrastructure facilities like drinking water, sanitary systems, solid waste disposal systems, road, hospitals etc. Generally municipal bonds are broadly of two types. Municipal bonds are the ideal instruments for raising resources, channelling funds from capital market into infrastructure development. They are long-term in nature, unlike [...]