Although essential for controlling pests, little is realised that once exposed to environment, their post application fate is subject to environment forces causing them to move from target to non-target species and area during which they undergo myriads of transformations sometimes cause unforeseen environmental problems. The pesticides can translocate from the point of application to non-target components of environment often [...]
During the last two decades, there has been phenomenal growth in the Indian Pharmaceuticals and Drugs industry. According to the latest figures there are more than 16000 units in India manufacturing and formulating various drugs and pharmaceutical products as against only 2257 licensed drug manufacturers in 1970. This phenomenal growth has created problems of environmental protection from various emissions and [...]
How to Manufacture Paper: Pulping Processes, Paper Making and Flow Sheet! Pulping Processes for Manufacturing Paper: The main pulping processes that are normally employed in paper industry include: (i) Chemical process (ii) Chemo-mechanical process (iii) Mechanical process (hydro-pulping) (i) Chemical Process: This involves digestion of raw material like agricultural residues, gunny, jute, etc., at high temperature and pressure in the [...]